The HESA Shahed 136 (Persian: شاهد ۱۳۶, lit. ‘Witness 136’), also known by its Russian designation Geran-2 (Russian: Герань-2, lit. ‘Geranium-2’), is an Iranian-designed one-way attack drone, also referred to as a kamikaze drone or suicide drone, in the form of an autonomous pusher-propelled drone. It is designed and manufactured by the Iranian state-owned corporation HESA in association with Shahed Aviation Industries.

The munition is designed to attack ground targets from a distance. The drone is typically fired in multiples from a launch rack. The first public footage of the drone was released in December 2021. Russia has made much use of the Shahed 136/Geran-2 in the Russo-Ukrainian war, especially in strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure, and mass-produces its own version.

Description

The aircraft has a cropped delta-wing shape, with a central fuselage blending into the wings, which have vertical stabilizing rudders at the tips. The nose section contains a warhead estimated to weigh 30–50 kilograms (66–110 lb). An Iranian-made Mado MD-550 engine sits in the rear of the fuselage and drives a two-bladed pusher propeller. The MD-550 is reverse engineered from the Limbach L550E, a 550cc four-cylinder two-stroke petrol aircraft engine made in Germany. The munition is 3.5 metres (11 ft) long, with a wingspan of 2.5 metres (8.2 ft), flies at over 185 kilometres per hour (115 mph), and weighs about 200 kilograms (440 lb).[16] The drone’s appearance resembles that of the Drohne-Anti-Radar (DAR) developed by Dornier Flugzeugwerke in Germany in the 1980s, but whether there was actual copying is an open question.

Its range has been estimated to be anywhere from between 970–1,500 km (600–930 mi) to as much as 2,000–2,500 km (1,200–1,600 mi). The U.S. Army unclassified worldwide equipment guide states that the Shahed 136 design supports an aerial reconnaissance option, although no cameras were noted in the Geran-2 in Russian service.

Electronics

The Shahed 136 navigates by a commercial-grade inertial guidance system, corrected by civilian GPS and GLONASS. December 2023 remains from the drones were found with SIMs and 4G modems of the type used in mobile phones.

Deployment

Because of the portability of the launch frame and drone assembly, the entire unit can be mounted on the back of any military or commercial truck. The aircraft is launched on rails at a slight upward angle with initial rocket launch assistance. The rocket is jettisoned immediately after launch, whereupon the drone’s conventional piston engine takes over

Loitering munition

A loitering munition (LM) is a type of self-destructive unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipped with a warhead that is typically designed to remotely loiter by a human operator using electro-optical targeting sensors or camera suite and data-link until a target is designated, then crash into it and detonate. Anti-radiation (anti-radar) loitering munitions are a type of loitering munition that employ either an anti-radiation seeker by itself or in tandem with an electro-optical targeting system to locate enemy radar by loitering and destroy it after detection. Common terms like suicide drone, kamikaze drone, or exploding drone are used for both loitering munition and one-way attack drones. They enable attacks against hidden targets that emerge for short periods without placing high-value platforms near the target area. Unlike many other types of munitions, their attacks can be changed mid-mission or aborted. Loitering munitions are typically aerial platforms, but include some autonomous undersea vehicles with similar characteristics.

Loitering weapons emerged in the 1980s for the suppression of enemy air defenses (SEAD) role, and were deployed for SEAD by some military forces in the 1990s. In the 2000s, they were developed for additional roles, from long-range strikes and fire support to short-range tactical systems that fit in a backpack.

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  • CommunistBear [he/him]@hexbear.net
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    14 days ago

    If I see one more ignorant motherfucker say “it’s not right or left, it’s up versus down” I’m going to lose my mind.

    THAT IS THE LEFT WING POSITION YOU DUMB MOTHERFUCKER. AND IT HAS BEEN FOR 200 FUCKING YEARS bird-screm-2

  • segfault11 [she/her, any]@hexbear.net
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    12 days ago

    it’s joever for republicans this cycle, they lost the suburban grill dads. mine now watches al jazeera instead of fox and reposts “cash, hope, and jobs 🤪” tier jokes about trump on ig reels

  • CocteauChameleons [none/use name]@hexbear.net
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    14 days ago

    I usually practice at the skatepark in the morning when nobody’s there, but I’ve been going more at night to meet peeps. Anyways one time I wash out on the ramp, and a teenager was like “You good unc?” I immediately forget the pain and get up say “Did you just call me unc? Dude I’m 24”

    “Still unc”

    Another conversation I had with a teenager: “So were you born in 2000 or 2001?”

    “2001, a month before 9/11 happened”

    “Wow you could’ve been on the plane”

    “Fuck man I wish”

  • UmbraVivi [he/him, she/her]@hexbear.net
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    12 days ago

    Been in a NEET hole for like 5 years now. Tried to get my shit together a bunch of times but never really got further than the first step. About a year ago I started going to the gym regularly but didn’t really do anything else to escape my situation, was still just in my parents’ attic playing video games for like 8 hours a day.

    Start of this month I finally did what I knew in my soul I had to do for a long time. Unplug my PC and get it away from me. It’s currently in my parents’ bedroom and while I’ve had slip-ups, the time I spend with it has gone down from 60-70 hours a week to maybe 3.

    Meanwhile I’ve started working on my driver’s license again. I’m gonna become a licensed fitness trainer and hopefully get a job at my gym.

    I’m not out of the hole yet, not by a long shot. I still spend way too much time on Youtube, my room is still like a 7/10 on the Asmongold scale and it’s gonna take a while before I can actually move out, but this is by far the furthest I’ve ever gotten. Really hope I can keep this up.

  • GalaxyBrain [they/them]@hexbear.net
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    12 days ago

    Most of rhe time I hate working in an open kitchen cause I cant swear and listen to grindcore at work or make fun of customers loudly. But little kids come up to see me make pizzas and are absolutely amazed by my tossing dough, hauling pizzas around in a 650 degree oven that I often jusr reach into instead of using the paddle and how fast I can do it and those moments feel great. I’ve even learned some fancy moves like doing a spin while the dough is in the air or if im working with rhe guy I practiced wirh we can toss them to each other (we both know how to juggle). Had a full 7 year old birthday party of like 9 kids absolutely glued to me tonight. They were super fun. They were asking lots of questions and were cheering me on. The people I was working with are a but more nervous around kids and I wanted to give em a show, so i let the others take a break and solo’d a 12 ticket rush just to flex. They got so hype seeing my A game in action. The rest of the night was super slow and I had been bored and drinking a lot of coffee prior, so I was down for showtime

  • Euergetes [none/use name]@hexbear.net
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    11 days ago

    god is legitimately on the side of Iran, lmao, striking a Texan refinery literally as Iran promised retaliation for strikes on their power infrastructure

    i imagine a texan oil lobbyist was literally in Trump’s ear tipping the scales on holding to the 5 day deadline or breaking another promise

    Yankkkees really out here perfidity maxxing, boldly testing the theory if making enough grains of lies they will somehow outrun the heap of consequences

  • CrispyFern [fae/faer, any]@hexbear.net
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    13 days ago

    Did you know that the main evolutionary reason that women have boobs is for their submissive spouses to grab onto while riding on the backseat of their wife’s motorcycle